Question

What is activity and activity coefficient?

Answer 1

Explanation:

Activity coefficient, in chemistry, the ratio of the chemical activity of any substance to its molar concentration. ... In solutions, the activity coefficient is a measure of how much a solution differs from an ideal solution—i.e., one in which the effectiveness of each molecule is equal to its theoretical effectiveness.

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Answer 2

In thermodynamics, activity is a measure of an "effective concentration" of a species. It arises because the molecules in a non-ideal gas or solution interact with each other. The activity has no dimensions. It is made dimensionless using the mole fraction for its calculation.

In solutions, the activity coefficient is a measure of how much a solution differs from an ideal solution—i.e., one in which the effectiveness of each molecule is equal to its theoretical effectiveness and thus the activity coefficient would be 1.