what is advance sunrise and sunset?
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We can see the sun about 2 min before the actual sunrise and 2 minutes after the actual sunset because of atmospheric refraction.
The actual sunrise takes place when sun is above the horizon. But due to refraction of atmosphere we can see the rising sun about 2min before its actually above the horizon.
Reason:
when sun is slightly below the horizon, then the sun's light coming from less denser air to more denser air is refracted downwards as it passes through the atmosphere.Hence sun appears to be raised above the horizon .
It is also due to atmospheric refraction that we can still see the sun for about 2min even after the sun has set below horizon.
Conclusion:
we can see the sun 2 min before the actual sunrise time and 2min after the actual sunset time.
So the time from sunrise to sunset is lengthened by about= 2+2= 4 min because of atmospheric refraction. Thus, day would have been shorter by about 4 mins if the earth had no atmosphere.
The actual sunrise takes place when sun is above the horizon. But due to refraction of atmosphere we can see the rising sun about 2min before its actually above the horizon.
Reason:
when sun is slightly below the horizon, then the sun's light coming from less denser air to more denser air is refracted downwards as it passes through the atmosphere.Hence sun appears to be raised above the horizon .
It is also due to atmospheric refraction that we can still see the sun for about 2min even after the sun has set below horizon.
Conclusion:
we can see the sun 2 min before the actual sunrise time and 2min after the actual sunset time.
So the time from sunrise to sunset is lengthened by about= 2+2= 4 min because of atmospheric refraction. Thus, day would have been shorter by about 4 mins if the earth had no atmosphere.
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