Question

what is alfa particles in rutherford experiment​

Answer 1

║⊕ANSWER⊕║

WHAT WAS THE RUTHERFORD'S EXPERIMENT?

• The Geiger–Marsden experiments (also called the Rutherford gold foil experiment) were a landmark series of experiments by which scientists discovered that every atom contains a nucleus where all of its positive charge and most of its mass are concentrated.

WHAT ARE ALPHA PARTICLES?

• Positively charged particle emitted by various radioactive materials during decay.
• It consists of two neutrons and two protons, and is thus identical to the nucleus of a helium atom.

Answer 2

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»Rutherford bombarded a thin gold foil with high speed alpha particles which are obtained from radioactive material

»Alpha rays are made to travel in straight lines by passing them through Lead sheets having holes at their centres .zinc sulphide screen was placed behind the gold foil to know the position of the alpha rays .

Rutherford observed that :

most of the Alpha particles passed without any deflection

some of them were deflected away from their path

only a few were returned back to their original direction of propagation

Rutherfords atomic model:

the main features of this model are

atom is Spherical and hollow

the total mass and total positive charge is concentrated in a small region at the centre part of the atom which is called in nucleus

this model is called solar Model or planetary model

electrons and nucleus are held Together by electrostatic force of attraction

Drawbacks:

As per electromagnetic theory the revolving electron should lose energy continuously and travel in a spiral path and finally should fall into the nucleus so atom should collapse but atoms are stable