What is an acid what are the types of acids
Answers
●the acids are sour to taste .
●they have ph from 1to 6
●they have two types
1.natural acid
2.mineral acid
●Natural acids: acitic acid,formic acid
●Mineral acid:HCl,H2SO4
According to Arrhenius theory :
Acids are those substances which release H+ ions in their dissociation.
Example - HCl → H+ + Cl-
According to Bronsted Lowery Concept :
Acids are those substances which are capable to donate H+ ions.
Example - HCl(Acid) + NH3 (Base) → Cl- (Conjugate Base) + NH4+ (Conjugate Acid)
According to Lewis theory :
Acids are the electron deficient compounds.
Example - BeCl2
Classification of Acids :
Acids can be classified on 3 bases :
• Depending on Strength -
The strength of an acid means to what extent it can dissociate. (The degree of dissociation is known as alpha)
They are of 2 types :
Strong Acid : They ionize completely in their aqueous solution. They have high degree of dissociation.
Example - HCl
Weak Acid : They ionize partially in their aqueous solution. They have less degree of dissociation.
Example - HCOOH
• Depending on Sources -
Organic Acids : These are obtained from plants and animals. And they are naturally occurring.
Example - HCOOH
Inorganic acids : These are obtained from minerals. They are commonly known as laboratory acids.
Example - HNO3
• Depending on Concentration -
Concentration of an acid can be defined as the amount of acid present in a fixed amount of its aqueous solution.
Concentrated Acid : A large amount of acid is present in a fixed amount in its aqueous solution.
Dilute Acid : A small amount of acid is present in a fixed amount in its aqueous solution.