What is an amino acid and why are there only twenty?
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Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amine and carboxyl functional groups, along with a side chain specific to each amino acid.
The genetic code is degenerate. Some amino acids are encoded by more than one codon, inasmuch as there are 64 possible base triplets and only 20 amino acids. In fact, 61 of the 64 possible triplets specify particular amino acids and 3 triplets (called stop codons) designate the termination of translation.
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