What is an amino acid ? Write down types of amino acid along with their structure.
Answers
amino acids
The structure and function of amino acids.
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Amino acid, any of a group of organic molecules that consist of a basic amino group (―NH2), an acidic carboxyl group (―COOH), and an organic R group (or side chain) that is unique to each amino acid. The term amino acid is short for α-amino [alpha-amino] carboxylic acid. Each molecule contains a central carbon (C) atom, called the α-carbon, to which both an amino and a carboxyl group are attached. The remaining two bonds of the α-carbon atom are generally satisfied by a hydrogen (H) atom and the R group. The formula of a general amonia acid
Answer:
(i) Acidic amino acids: The
amino acids have an extra
carboxylic group
e.g., Glutamic acid
(glutamate), aspartic
acid (aspartate).
(ii) Basic amino acids: They have
an additional amino group.
e.g., Lysine, arginine etc.
(iii) Natural amino acids: Amino
acids have one amino group and one
carboxylic group. e.g.,
Valine, alanine, glycine, leucine,
isoleucine.
(iv) Sulphur containing amino
acid: Have sulphur.
e.g., Cysteine, cystine and
methionine.
(v) Alcoholic amino acid: Have -
OH group. (e.g., Serine, threonine).
(vi) Heterocyclic amino acid: N is
present in ring.
e.g., Proline, histidine,
hydroxyproline.
(vii) Aromatic amino acids
possess cyclic structure with a straight
side chain bearing carboxylic and
amino group.