Question

what is an ecosystem and their types ?

Answer 1

hiii,

a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment..

types :-

●Forest Ecosystems. Forest ecosystems are classified according to their climate type as tropical, temperate or boreal. ..

●.Grassland Ecosystems. Different types of grassland ecosystems can be found in prairies, savannas and steppes. .

.●.Desert Ecosystems.

●.Tundra Ecosystems. ..

.●Freshwater Ecosystems. ...

●Marine Ecosystems

hope helps

Answer 2

An Ecosystem consists of a community/group of organisms together with their physical environment (surrounding).
Ecosystems can be of different sizes and can be Aquatic, Marine or Terrestrial.

Broad categories of terrestrial ecosystems are called biomes.
In ecosystems, both matter and energy are conserved.
Ecosystems with higher biodiversity tend to be more stable with greater resistance and resilience in the face of disturbances, disruptive events.

Types of Ecosystems-
There are mainly two types of Ecosystems; AQUATIC AND TERRESTRIAL

★ Terrestrial-
Terrestrial ecosystems can be found anywhere apart from heavily saturated places. They are further classified in:

1. FORESTS ECOSYSTEM-
They are the ecosystems in which an abundance of flora, or plants, is seen so they have a big number of organisms which live in relatively small space. Therefore, in forest ecosystems the density of living organisms is quite high. A small change in this ecosystem could affect the whole balance, effectively bringing down the whole ecosystem. You could see a fantastic diversity in the fauna of the ecosystems, too. They are further divided into:

♦ Tropical evergreen forest: These are tropical forests that receive a mean rainfall of 80 for every 400 inches annually. The forests are characterised by dense vegetation which comprises tall trees at different heights. Each level is shelter to different types of animals.
♦ Tropical deciduous forest: There, shrubs and dense bushes rule along with a broad selection of trees. The type of forest is found in quite a few parts of the world while a large variety of fauna and flora are found there.
♦ Temperate evergreen forest: Those have quite a few number of trees as mosses and ferns make up for them. Trees have developed spiked leaves in order to minimize transpiration.
♦ Temperate deciduous forest: The forest is located in the moist temperate places that have sufficient rainfall. Summers and winters are clearly defined and the trees shed the leaves during the winter months.

2. DESERT ECOSYSTEM-
Desert ecosystems are located in regions that receive an annual rainfall less than 25. They occupy about 17 percent of all the land on our planet. Due to the extremely high temperature, low water availability and intense sunlight, fauna and flora are scarce and poorly developed. The vegetation is mainly shrubs, bushes, few grasses and rare trees. The stems and leaves of the plants are modified in order to conserve water as much as possible.

3. GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM-
Grasslands are located in both the tropical and temperate regions of the world though the ecosystems vary slightly. The area mainly comprises grasses with a little number of trees and shrubs. The main vegetation includes grasses, plants and legumes that belong to the composite family.

4. MOUNTAIN ECOSYSTEM-
Mountain land provides a scattered and diverse array of habitats where a large number of animals and plants can be found. At the higher altitudes, the harsh environmental conditions normally prevail, and only the treeless alpine vegetation can survive. The animals that live there have thick fur coats for prevention from cold and hibernation in the winter months. Lower slopes are commonly covered with coniferous forests.

★ Aquatic-
The aquatic ecosystem is the ecosystem found in a body of water.
There are two main types of aquatic ecosystem - Marine and Freshwater.

1. MARINE ECOSYSTEM-
Marine ecosystems are the biggest ecosystems, which cover around 71% of Earth's surface and contain 97% of out planet's water. Water in Marine ecosystems features in high amounts minerals and salts dissolved in them. The different divisions of the marine ecosystem are:

♦ Oceanic: A relatively shallow part of oceans which lies on the continental shelf. 
♦ Profundal: deep or Bottom water. 
♦ Inter-tidal: The place between low and high tides. 
♦ Estuaries 

2. FRESH WATER ECOSYSTEM-
Thw freshwater ecosystem covers only 0.8% of Earth's surface and contains 0.009% (approx.) of the total water. Three basic kinds of freshwater ecosystems are:

♦ Lentic: Slow-moving or till water like pools, lakes or ponds.
♦ Lotic: Fast-moving water such as streams and rivers.
♦ Wetlands: Places in which the soil is saturated for long period of time. 


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