Question

what is an electric generator and explain its principles or workings

Answer 1

Electric generators convert the mechanical energy input through the turning of its rotor using an external means (usually a prime mover) into electrical energy by allowing a network of conductors wound around the rotor to rotate with the rotor inside a magnetic field, so that, an EMF is induced at the ends of the conductor (in accordance with Faraday's law and Lenz's law). In some generators, the rotor may be the magnet and the conductor across which the EMF is to be induced is wound statically over the rotor leaving an air gap.

The basic principle behind every generator is to cause a relative motion between a conductor and a magnetic field so that, EMF is induced across its ends. Generators differ in the way in which this relative motion is caused. In some, the conductor is rotated, while in the rest the magnetic field is rotated.

Answer 2

An electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy obtained from an external source into electrical energy as the output......
it works on electromagnetic induction , discovered by Faraday in 1831