what is article 370
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On 5 August 2019, the Government of India revoked the special status granted to Jammu and Kashmir—a state in India, located in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, and a part of the larger region of Kashmir, which has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since 1947[1][2]—under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution through a series of far-reaching measures. The Kashmir Valley was placed under a virtual lockdown with all communication lines cut and political leaders placed under house arrest. Indian President Ram Nath Kovind issued an order under the power of Article 370, overriding the prevailing 1954 Presidential Order and nullifying all the provisions of autonomy granted to the state. The Home Minister Amit Shah introduced a Reorganisation Bill in the Indian Parliament, seeking to divide the state into two union territories to be governed by a lieutenant governor and a unicameral legislature.[3]
The resolution seeking the revocation of the special status under Article 370 and the bill for the state's reorganisation was debated and passed by the Rajya Sabha – India's upper house of parliament – on 5 August 2019 with 125 (67%) votes in its favour and 61 (33%) against it.[4] On 6 August, the bill for the reorganisation was debated and passed by the Lok Sabha – India's lower house of parliament – with 370 (86%) votes in its favour and 70 (14%) against it, and the resolution recommending the revocation was passed by 351 votes in favour and 72 against.[5][6] BBC reported that "According to the constitution, Article 370 could only be modified with the agreement of the 'state government'. But there hasn't been much of a state government in Jammu and Kashmir for over a year now". The constitutional expert opinion is divided on whether the revocation is legally sound.[7]
International human rights groups condemned the revocation resolution.[3] In contrast, Hindu nationalists celebrated, stating that this "could bring peace and investment" to this region.[3] The move was also supported by many major regional parties, who typically opposed Hindu nationalism and the BJP.[8] The Buddhist community in Ladakh – the eastern region of Jammu and Kashmir – also supported the decision, stating that they have been long ignored and now they can be "owners of our own destiny".[9][10]
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Article 370 of the Indian constitution gave special status to Jammu and Kashmir—a state in India, located in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, and a part of the larger region of Kashmir, which has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since 1947—allowing it to have a separate ...
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