What is artificial selection? How does it explain that very dissimilar looking structure evolved from a common ancestor?
Answers
This is when specific traits are deliberately selected for or against by humans. You may not have been aware of the term 'artificial selection' but you are in fact quite familiar with the concept already. Modern dog breeds have all been selected for by humans, as have most food crops that you buy at the grocery store. Again, the main difference is that natural selection is a 'natural' process, while artificial selection is a 'forced' selection process by humans.
Examples
Because of the selective process of artificial selection, it is often called 'selective breeding.' This type of breeding has been used by humans in both plants and animals for thousands of years. The modern sweet corn you eat today is quite different from its ancestor, a plant called teosinte. Both plants are grains, but teosinte looks much more like the grass family that it belongs to, unlike our modern corn that has large, juicy kernels.
Wild mustard has also been extensively selected and bred for certain traits. Broccoli, cauliflower, kale, and cabbage are all related to the wild mustard plant. For example, we get broccoli from flower suppression of the wild mustard and kale from its leaf enlargement. What this means is that wild mustard plants with larger leaves were selected for and eventually developed into a plant that now has very large, tasty leaves.
Answer:
The two different cactus species look similar because they live in the same environment. They have evolved similar structures, analogous structures, to adapt to this environment.
Explanation:
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