what is atom please tell me in detail?
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What is an atom?
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Atom (detailed answer) :
Atoms are the basic units of matter and the defining structure of elements. The term "atom" comes from the Greek word for indivisible, because it was once thought that atoms were the smallest things in the universe and could not be divided. We now know that atom are made up of three particles: protons, neutrons and electrons — which are composed of even smaller particles, such as quarks.
Atoms were created after the Big Bang 13.7 billion years ago. As the hot, dense new universe cooled, conditions became suitable for quarks and electrons to form. Quarks came together to form protons and neutrons, and these particles combined into nuclei. This all took place within the first few minutes of the universe's existence.
Atomic particles :
- proton
- neutron
- electron
The protons and neutrons together make the structure called nucleus of the atom. The electrons revolve around nucleus. The mass of an atom resides in its nucleus(sum if masses of protons and neutrons).
Some terms related to atoms :
Atomic number(Z) :
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which is characteristic of a chemical element and determines its place in the periodic table.
Atomic mass :
the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units. It is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom (the mass number) or to the average number allowing for the relative abundances of different isotopes.
Atomic size :
The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atoms, usually the mean or typical distance from the center of the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding shells of electrons.
Atomic energy :
Atomic energy or energy of atoms is energy carried by atoms. It is an other form of nuclear energy.
Atomic mass number(A) :
The mass number, also called atomic mass number or nucleon number, is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus.
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Atoms are the basic units of matter and the defining structure of elements. ... We now know that atoms are made up of three particles: protons, neutrons and electrons — which are composed of even smaller particles, such as quarks. Atoms were created after the Big Bang 13.7 billion years ago.