What is biotransformation of a drug?
Answers
Biotransformation means chemical alteration of chemicals such as nutrients, amino acids, toxins, and drugs in the body. It is also needed to render non-polar compounds polar so that they are not reabsorbed in renal tubules and are excreted.
Biotransformation of drugs is the metabolism of drugs and is a main mechanism for drug elimination.
Biotransformation of drugs results in determination of pharmacological action of the parent drug. It also results in the production of metabolites which are more polar as compared to the parent drug and after Phase 1 it also results in different or similar pharmacologic activity or toxicologic activity.
After it's biotransformation the drug is less likely to diffuse into cells to reach receptors and also favours access excretion in urine and bile.
The Liver is the major site for drug transformation in our body and minor sites are some tissues present in our body.