Question

what is buffer solution and explain it

Answer 1

Solution which resist change in hydrogen ion concentration (and thereby pH) on dilution, or with the addition of small amount of an acid or base is called as buffer solution.

Two types of buffer solution
1. Acidic buffer: equimolar mixture of a weak acid and its salt with a strong base.
2. Basic buffer: equimolar mixture of a weak base and its salt with strong base.

Answer 2

$\textbf{\large{Answer -}}$

$\textbf{Buffer Solution :}$

The solution which resist any change in it's pH value by adding small amount of acid or bases are known as buffer solution.

$\textbf{Types of buffer solution :}$

1. Solution of single substance
2. Solution of mixture substance

$\textbf{Solution of single substance :}$

Solution of salt of weak acid and weak base will act as a buffer solution.

Example : $CH_{3}COONH_{4}, (NH_{4})_{2}CO_{3}, (NH_{4})_{2}S$

$\textbf{Solution of mixture substance :}$

It is of two types i.e., acidic buffer solution and basic buffer solution.

• $\textbf{Acidic buffer solution :}$

It is a solution of weak acid and the salt of this weak acid with strong base.

Example -

1. $CH_{3}COOH + CH_{3}COONa$
2. $HCN + NaOH$
3. $H_{2}S + K_{2}S$
4. $H_{2}CO_{3} + Na_{2}CO_{3}$

• $\textbf{Basic buffer solution :}$

It is a solution of weak base and the salt of this weak base with strong acid.

Example -

1. $NH_{4}OH + NH_{4}Cl$
2. $Mg(OH)_{2} + MgSO_{4}$