Question

what is carbocation ?

Answer 1

A carbocation is an ion with a positively-charged carbon atom. The charged carbon atom in a carbocation is a "sextet" (that is, it has only six electrons in its outer valence shellinstead of eight valence electrons.) Carbon atoms with eight valence elections have the maximum stability (octet rule). Therefore, carbocations are often reactive, seeking to fill the octet of valence electrons as well as regain a neutral charge. Logic would say that carbocation have sp3 hybridization with an empty sp3 orbital giving positive charge. However, the reactivity of a carbocation more closely resembles sp2 hybridization with a trigonal planar molecular geometry

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Answer 2

A carbocation is an ion with a positively charged carbon atom. Among the simplest examples are the methenium CH⁺ ₃, methanium CH⁺ ₅ and vinyl C ₂H⁺ ₃ cations. Occasionally, carbocations that bear more than one positively charged carbon atom are also encountered. 

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