Question

What is Carbocation and Carbanion?

Answer 1

Answer:

• Carbocation means is an ion with a positively charged carbon atom
• Carbanion means is an anion in which carbon is trivalent

Answer 2

$\huge{ \boxed{ \red{ \mathcal{☆Carbocation:}}}}$

A carbocation is a molecule in which a carbon atom has a positive charge and three bonds. We can basically say that they are carbon cations. Formerly, it was known as carbonium ion. Carbocation today is defined as any even-electron cation that possesses a significant positive charge on the carbon atom.

A carbocation is an ion with a positively charged carbon atom. Among the simplest examples are the methenium CH⁺ ₃, methanium CH⁺ ₅ and vinyl C ₂H⁺ ₃ cations. Occasionally, carbocations that bear more than one positively charged carbon atom are also encountered.

In carbocation, the hybridization of carbon will be sp2 and its shape is trigonal planar. There is also a vacant p orbital which indicates its electron-deficient nature. The carbon has 6 electrons in its valence shell. Due to this, it is an electron-deficient species, also known as an electrophile.

$\huge{ \boxed{ \red{ \mathcal{☆Carbanion:}}}}$

A carbanion can be defined as a negatively charged ion in which a carbon atom exhibits trivalence (implying it forms a total of three bonds) and holds a formal negative charge whose magnitude is at least -1.

When pi delocalization does not occur in the organic molecule (as it does in the case of aromatic compounds), carbanions typically assume a bent, linear, or a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry. It is important to note that all carbanions are conjugate bases of some carbon acids.

A carbanion is an anion in which carbon is trivalent and bears a formal negative charge. Formally, a carbanion is the conjugate base of a carbon acid: R₃CH +:B⁻ → R₃C:⁻ + HB where B stands for the base.