Question

what is Carnot theorem​

Answer 1

Answer:

Carnot theorem states that all heat engines between two heat reservoirs are less efficient than a Carnot heat engine operation between the same reservoirs

Answer 2

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Carnot’s theorem also known as Carnot’s rule was developed by Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot in the year 1824, with the principle that there are limits on maximum efficiency for any given heat engine. It depends mainly on hot and cold reservoir temperatures.

Carnot’s theorem states that:

Heat engines that are working between two heat reservoirs are less efficient than the Carnot heat engine that is operating between the same reservoirs.

Irrespective of the operation details, every Carnot engine is efficient between two heat reservoirs.

Maximum efficiency is given as:

ηmax=η Carnot=1−TcTH

Where,

TC: absolute temperature of the cold reservoir

TH: absolute temperature of the hot reservoir

: the ratio of work done by the engine to heat drawn out of the hot reservoir

Processes involved in thermodynamics can be carried out in the following two ways:

Reversible engine:

The efficiency of all reversible engines remains the same that works between two same heat reservoirs.

ΔS=∫badQrevT

Where,

ΔS: change in entropy

T: temperature

∫ba : to show that this is a path function

Irreversible engine:

There is no irreversible engine that is more efficient than the Carnot engine working between two same reservoirs.

Example of an irreversible engine are:

• Plastic deformation
• Friction
• Spontaneous chemical reaction

Applications of Carnot’s theorem

• Carnot’s theorem finds application in engines that convert thermal energy to work.
• Refrigeration: Method of removal of heat from the at low temperature and dissipating it to a higher temperature. This is a reversible process.

hope it helps you

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