Question

what is chlorination of benzene

Answer 1

Benzene reacts with chlorine or bromine in an electrophilic substitution reaction, but only in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is either aluminium chloride (or aluminium bromide if you are reacting benzene with bromine) or iron. Strictly speaking iron isn't a catalyst, because it gets permanently changed during the reaction. It reacts with some of the chlorine or bromine to form iron(III) chloride, FeCl3, or iron(III) bromide, FeBr3. These compounds act as the catalyst and behave exactly like aluminium chloride in these reactions. The reaction with chlorine The reaction between benzene and chlorine in the presence of either aluminium chloride or iron gives chlorobenzene.The reaction with chlorine The reaction between benzene and chlorine in the presence of either aluminium chloride or iron gives chlorobenzene. or: