Question

what is chromosomes ​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells.

Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Passed from parents to offspring, DNA contains the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

1. A chromosome is a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule with part or all of the genetic material (genome) of an organism.
2. Most eukaryotic chromosomes include packaging proteins which, aided by chaperone proteins, bind to and condense the DNA molecule to prevent it from becoming an unmanageable tangle.
3. This three-dimensional genome structure plays a significant role in transcriptional regulation.
4. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing the metaphase of cell division (where all chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell in their condensed form).
5. Before this happens, every chromosome is copied once (S phase), and the copy is joined to the original by a centromere, resulting either in an X-shaped structure (pictured here) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends.
6. The original chromosome and the copy are now called sister chromatids.
7. During metaphase the X-shape structure is called a metaphase chromosome.
8. In this highly condensed form chromosomes are easiest to distinguish and study.
9. In animal cells, chromosomes reach their highest compaction level in anaphase during chromosome segregation.