What is Civil Uprisings? Mention the Major causes of Civil Uprisings.
Answers
Civil Uprisings :
The word 'civil' encompasses everything which is not related to defence or military, but here we have included those uprisings which were generally led by deposed native rulers or their descendants, former zamindars, landlords, poligars, ex-retainers and officials of the conquered kingdoms, or sometimes by religious leaders. The mass support generally came from rack-rented peasants, unemployed artisans and demobilised soliders, although at the centre of uprisings were erstwhile power-wielding classes.
Major Causes of Civil Uprisings :
- Under the company rule, there were rapid changes in the economy, administartionand large revenue system that went against the people.
- Sevaral zamindars and poligars who had lost control over their land and its revenues due to colonial rule, had personal scores to settle with new rulers.
- The ego of traditional zamindars and poligars was hurt due to being sidelined in rank by government officials and a new class comprising of merchants and money-lenders.
- The ruin of Indian handicraft industries due to colonial policies impoverished millions of artisans whose misery was further compounded by the disapperance of their traditional patrons and buyers - princes, chieftains, and zamindars.
- The priestly classes instigated hatred and rebellion against alien rule, because the religious preachers, priests, pundits, maulvis, etc., had been dependent on the traditional landed and bureaucratic elite. The fall of zamindars and feudal lords directly affected the priestly class.
- The foreign character of the British rulers, who always remained alien to this land, and their contemtuous traetment of the native people hurt the pride of the latter
The word 'civil' encompasses everything which is not related to defence or military, but here we have included those uprisings which were generally led by deposed native rulers or their descendants, former zamindars, landlords, poligars, ex-retainers and officials of the conquered kingdoms, or sometimes by religious leaders. The mass support generally came from rack-rented peasants, unemployed artisans and demobilised soliders, although at the centre of uprisings were erstwhile power-wielding classes.
Major Causes of Civil Uprisings :
- Under the company rule, there were rapid changes in the economy, administartionand large revenue system that went against the people.
- Sevaral zamindars and poligars who had lost control over their land and its revenues due to colonial rule, had personal scores to settle with new rulers.
- The ego of traditional zamindars and poligars was hurt due to being sidelined in rank by government officials and a new class comprising of merchants and money-lenders.
- The ruin of Indian handicraft industries due to colonial policies impoverished millions of artisans whose misery was further compounded by the disapperance of their traditional patrons and buyers - princes, chieftains, and zamindars.
- The priestly classes instigated hatred and rebellion against alien rule, because the religious preachers, priests, pundits, maulvis, etc., had been dependent on the traditional landed and bureaucratic elite. The fall of zamindars and feudal lords directly affected the priestly class.
- The foreign character of the British rulers, who always remained alien to this land, and their contemtuous traetment of the native people hurt the pride of the latter