What is considered an important Roman contribution to American government
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Roman law was the law of the city of Rome and subsequently of the Roman Empire. The Romans were great exponents of law. The civilization of Ancient Rome had a lasting legacy in western culture in areas such as government, law, language, architecture, engineering, and religion.
Government: Many modern-day governments are modeled after the Roman Republic. Concepts such as balance of powers, veto, and representation all were developed and recorded by the Romans. The United States has three branches of government similar to the Roman Republic. The Executive Branch (President) is similar to the elected consuls of Rome. The Legislative Branch (Congress) is similar to the Roman assemblies (like the Senate). Finally, the Judicial Branch is similar to the Praetors of Rome. The U.S. even named one house of Congress, the Senate, after the Senate of Rome.
For centuries, the Romans built a type of government known as a republic, which was replicated by other countries. In fact, the United States government is modelled in part on Rome's model. The affluent patricians had a distinct path to political power in the Roman Senate than the lower-class plebeians.
The Romans constructed a written-law system of justice. – The Roman Empire established a system in which the executive branch had absolute power over lawmaking.