What is covalency? Explain
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covalency - valence characterized by the sharing of electrons in a chemical compound; the number of pairs of electrons an atom can share. covalence. valence, valency - (chemistry) a property of atoms or radicals; their combining power given in terms of the number of hydrogen atoms (or the equivalent)
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Covalency- Number of covalent bonds formed by an element either in ground state or excited state is known as covalency.
• Second period element cannot expand their covalency due to absence of 2D orbital.
• 3rd 4th 5th 6th period elements can expand their covalency due to presence of d orbital.
• 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th period can expand their covalency in presence of more electronegative element like Florine, chlorine, oxygen etc.
• Energy required for excitement of electron is known as promotion energy.
• Element expand their covalency in the number of 2 after each excitement.
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