what is data and information
Answers
Explanation:
Data are characteristics or information, usually numerical, that are collected through observation.[1] In a more technical sense, data is a set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables about one or more persons or objects, while a datum (singular of data) is a single value of a single variable.[2]
Although the terms "data" and "information" are often used interchangeably, these terms have distinct meanings. In some popular publications, data is sometimes said to be transformed into information when it is viewed in context or in post-analysis.[3] In academic treatments of the subject, however, data are simply units of information. Data is employed in scientific research, businesses management (e.g., sales data, revenue, profits, stock price), finance, governance (e.g., crime rates, unemployment rates, literacy rates), and in virtually every other form of human organizational activity (e.g., censuses of the number of homeless people by non-profit organizations).
Data is measured, collected and reported, and analyzed, whereupon it can be visualized using graphs, images or other analysis tools. Data as a general concept refers to the fact that some existing information or knowledge is represented or coded in some form suitable for better usage or processing. Raw data ("unprocessed data") is a collection of numbers or characters before it has been "cleaned" and corrected by researchers. Raw data needs to be corrected to remove outliers or obvious instrument or data entry errors (e.g., a thermometer reading from an outdoor Arctic location recording a tropical temperature). Data processing commonly occurs by stages, and the "processed data" from one stage may be considered the "raw data" of the next stage. Field data is raw data that is collected in an uncontrolled "in situ" environment. Experimental data is data that is generated within the context of a scientific investigation by observation and recording.
Data has been described as the new oil of the digital economy.[4][5]
☞DATA
→Data is unorganised raw facts that need processing without which it is seemingly random and useless to humans.
→Data is an individual unit that contains raw material which does not carry any specific meaning.
→Data doesn’t depend on information.
→It is measured in bits and bytes.
→Data is never suited to the specific needs of a designer.
→An example of data is a student’s test score.
☞INFORMATION
→Information is a processed, organised data presented in a given context and is useful to humans.
→Information is a group of data that collectively carry a logical meaning.
→Information depends on data.
→Information is measured in meaningful units like time, quantity, etc.
→Information is specific to the expectations and requirements because all the irrelevant facts and figures are removed, during the transformation process.
→The average score of a class is the information derived from the given data.