What is desalination? In a short paragraph describe the benefits of desalination as a resolution to water crises in the Middle East.what are the drawbacks of this system
Answers
Answer:
Desalination converts salty water into drinkable water by removing salt and other solids from seawater or brackish water. Although the desalination process has been around for centuries, desalination plants allowing large-scale treatment of water didn’t come into being until the 1950s. In 2002, 12,500 desalination plants in 120 countries provided 14 million cubic meters per day of fresh drinking water. World-wide desalination plant capacity will nearly double by 2015. Read on to find out more about the advantages and disadvantages of using water desalination plants..........
drawbacks are as follows:
Waste Disposal
As with any process, desalination has by-products that must be taken care of. The process of desalination requires pre-treatment and cleaning chemicals, which are added to water before desalination to make the treatment more efficient and successful. These chemicals include chlorine, hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and they can be used for only a limited amount of time. Once they've lost their ability to clean the water, these chemicals are dumped, which becomes a major environmental concern. These chemicals often find their way back into the ocean, where they poison plant and animal life.
Brine Production
Brine is the side product of desalination. While the purified water goes on to be processed and put into human use, the water that is left over, which has a super saturation of salt, must be disposed of. Most desalination plants pump this brine back into the ocean, which presents another environmental drawback. Ocean species are not equipped to adjust to the immediate change in salinity caused by the release of brine into the area. The super-saturated salt water also decreases oxygen levels in the water, causing animals and plants to suffocate.
Ocean Populations
The organisms most commonly affected by brine and chemical discharge from desalination plants are plankton and phytoplankton, which form the base of all marine life by forming the base of the food chain. Desalination plants therefore have the ability to negatively affect the population of animals in the ocean. These effects are further developed through the disadvantages caused by desalination "impingement" and "entrainment." While sucking ocean water in for desalination, the plants trap and kill animals, plants and eggs, many of which belong to endangered species.
Health Concerns
Desalination is not a perfected technology, and desalinated water can be harmful to human health as well. By-products of the chemicals used in desalination can get through into the "pure" water and endanger the people who drink it. Desalinated water can also be acidic to both pipes and digestive systems.
Energy Use
In an age where energy is becoming increasingly precious, desalination plants have the disadvantage of requiring large amounts of power. Other water treatment technologies are more energy efficient.
.....
......
........
hope u liked it.......
pls show some love by liking and marking it as brainliest......
follow me on instagram id-keshavv123.....
Explanation:
desalination is the proses of removing salt and other minerals from saline water