Question

what is diarrhoea and how does it happen​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Diarrhea is when you have an increased number of bowel movements or you have bowel movements that are watery or loose. It's caused by attenuated water absorption or inappropriate water secretion by the intestines. It is your body's way of quickly clearing viruses, bacteria, or toxins from the digestive tract.

Answer 2

Answer:

Diarrhea is an condition where excess water and electrolyte moves out from intestinal cell and lining of intestine unable to absorb the water. The symptoms of diarrhea is watery stool.

Explanation:

• Diarrhea is usually caused by bacteria like Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae , virus like rotavirus, parasite ( giardia)

• Diarrhea occur due to food poisoning  i.e. consumption of food contaminated with above microbes.
• In case of giardiasis the attachment of trophozoite stage  causes villous flattening. The alteration of villi leads to the inability of water absorption from intestine, result in diarrhea.
• After getting into body, Salmonella invade epithelial cell that stimulate the release of pro inflammatory cytokine. This acute inflammatory response causes diarrhea.
• Rotavirus induced diarrhea occur due to decreased epithelial absorptive function
• Vibrio cholerae release cholera toxin which is internalized into cell and increase the level of cAMP that activate protein kinase A. PKA causes phosphorylation and thus alteration of transport protein and ion channel of cells that causes release of water and electrolyte from body and thus diarrhea.