Question

What is difference between systematic error and random error?

Answer 1

The main difference between systematic and random errors is that random errors lead to fluctuations around the true value as a result of difficulty taking measurements, whereas systematic errors lead to predictable and consistent departures from the true value due to problems with the calibration of your equipment.

Answer 2

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$\huge{\underline{\underline{\sf{Systematic\:errors:}}}}$

• The errors which tends to occur in one direction, either positive or negitive, and called systematic errors. We can eliminate such errors once we know the rule which governs them.

$\huge{\underline{\underline{\sf{Random\:errors:}}}}$

• The errors which occur irregularly and at random, in magnitude and direction, are called random errors. Such errors occur by chance and arise due to slight vaibration in the attentiveness of the observer while taking the reading or because of slight variations in the experimental conditions.

For example :-

• If a person repeats the observation a number of times, he may get different readings everytime. Random errors have almost equal chance for both positive and negitive errors. Hence the arithmetic mean of large number of observations can be taken as the true value of the measured quantity.

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Additional information :-

$\huge{\underline{\underline{\sf{Errors:}}}}$

• Every measurement is done with the help of some instrument. While making the measurement, some uncertainty gets introduced in the measurement. As a result, the measured value is always somewhat different from the actual or true value.

• The error in a measurement is equal to the difference between the true value and the measured value of the quantity.

Error = True value - Measured value.

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