what is diffrence b/w wastage and dropout
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Answer:
Meaning of Wastage:
While clarifying the meaning of the word in education Hartog Committee remarked the following:
"By wastage we mean premature withdrawal of children from schools at any stage before completion of the primary courses".
This statement does not mean there is no wastage in the Secondary Course and Higher Course. Any student, who receives education at any stage, is expected to complete his education with the prescribed period. If one withdraws from the course before completion, then that individual or individuals are deemed to be wastage to the course.
In Primary Education, the main objective is the attainment of stable literary through five year schooling. If a child entering school leaves it or is withdrawn from school before completing class V, it leads to wastage in education. So wastage is premature withdrawal of children from schools. A rough and ready method to measure wastage is to compare diminution in enrolment from class to class in series of years.
Such students do not complete the study of their curriculum and consequently the time, money and energy expended on such students prove to be sheer wastage. Hence the most popular use of the word "Wastage" in education means the wastage of time, effort and money.
Meaning of Stagnation:
The students at every stage of education are expected to pass the examination after finishing the whole course. But it has been found that in general practice many students are not able to pass the examinations in one class or in more than one class within the prescribed period.
Thus, they fail and remain in the same class. These failed students repeat the same class and course whereas their other colleagues pass that class and study in the next upper class. This process has been called the process of stagnation. Thus by stagnation it is meant the stay of students in a particular class for more than one year.
So the word 'Stagnation' in education means the detention of a student in a class for more than one year on account of his unsatisfactory progress. The Hartog Committee reports, "By stagnation we mean the retention in a lower class of a child for a period of more than one year. Of course stagnation always means wastage".
Really it was the Hartog Committee (1929), which for the first time pointed out that the "massive wastage and stagnation are taking place in primary education. Primary Education is ineffective unless it at least produces literacy".
No child who has not completed primary course of at least 4 years will become permanently literate. The investigation conducted by Gokhale Institute showed that literacy could be obtained before it could lapse. That is because, pupils acquire stable literacy only after they complete at least class IV.
As in the case of primary education, the wastage and stagnation were also eating the vitals of the secondary education. The tremendous loss that is caused because of the problems of the wastage and stagnation will be clear by looking at the results of High School Final every year.
University education everywhere in the country is also not free from the ghost of wastage and stagnation. Probably, the problems of wastage and stagnation exist in a greater degree at this stage of education. It has been remarked that great 'wastage' of public money is taking place every year in the University Education.
What is more regrettable is the fact that there is some indifference towards the serious loss of public money. Also no less indifference is shown for the wastage of time, money and energy of the students, their parents or guardians and their ambitions and aspirations in life.
Causes of Wastage and Stagnation:
The causes of wastage and stagnation are of 3 categories: economic, educational and social.
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