What is Digestion ?Describe briefly the process of digestion in man.
Answers
Answer: MOUTH:-
♤ FLUID CALLED SALIVA SECRETED BY THE SALIVARY GLANDS.
♤ THE SALIVA CONTAINS AN ENZYME CALLED SALIVARY AMYLASE.
♤ FUNCTION :- BREAK DOWN STARCH INTO COMPLEX MOLECULE TO GIVE SUGAR.
HELP IN MOISTENS THE FOOD EASY FOR CHEWING AND SWALLOWING
OESOPHAGUS:-
THE CANAL HAS MUSCLES THAT CONTRACT RHYTHMICALLY TO PUSH THE FOOD FORWARD & THIS MOVEMENT OF FOOD IS CALLED PERISTALTIC MOVEMENT WHICH OCCURS ALONG THE G.UT.
STOMACH:-
GASTRIC GLANDS ARE PRESENT IN STOMACH.
IT RELEASE HYDROCHLORIC ACID (HCL).
FUNCTION:- KILL HARMFUL BACTERIA THAT ENTERS WITH THE FOOD.
MAKES THE MEDIUM ALKALINE.
PEPSIN:- THEY ARE PROTEIN DIGESTED ENZYME.
MUCUS:- PROTECTS THE INNER LINING OF THE STOMACH FROM THE ACTION OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID.
SMALL INTESTINE:-
THE EXIT OF FOOD FROM THE STOMACH IS REGULATED BY A SPHINCTER MUSCLE.
IT HELPS IN DIGESTION OF CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEINS AND FATS.
LIVER :- IT SECRETE BILE JUICE IN GALL BLADDER.
FUNCTION:- TURN ACIDIC MEDIUM TO ALKALINE.
EMULSIFY THE ACTION OF FAT.
♤ PANCREAS:- IT SECRETE PANCREATIC JUICE IT CONTAIN ENZYME LIKE:-
♤ TRYPSIN :- HELPS IN BREAK DOWN OF PROTEINS.
♤ LIPASE :- CONVERT FAT INTO FATTY ACID AND GLYCEROL.
INTESTINAL JUICE:- THE WALL OF SMALL INTESTINE CONTAIN GLAND WHICH SECRETE INTESTINAL JUICE.
FUNCTION :- CONVERT PROTEINS TO AMINO ACIDS.
COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES INTO GLUCOSE.
FATS INRO FATTY ACIDS AND GLYCEROL.
VILLI:- THE INNER LINING OF THE SMALL INTESTINE HAS NUMEROUS FINGER LIKE PROJECTIONS CALLED VILLI.
FUNCTION:- INCREASE THE SURFACE AREA FOR ABSORPTION.
THEY ARE RICHLY SUPPLIED WITH BLOOD VESSELS WHICH TAKE THE ABSORBED FOOD TO EACH AND EVERY CELL OF THE BODY
LARGE INTESTINE:-
THE EXIT OF WASTE MATERIAL FROM THE BODY IS REGULATED BY THE ANAL SPHINCTER.
Explanation:
Answer:
Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are
(b) The largest gland in the human body is
(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and
act on food.
juices which
(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger like outgrowths
called
(c) Amocba digests its food in the
2. Mark T if the statement is true and
False
(a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. T/F7
(b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. /
(c) The gall bladder temporarily stores bile IT/
(d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth
and chew it for some time. (T/F)
3. Tick im mark the correct answer in each of the following:
(a) Fat is completely digested in the
(i) stomach (l) mouth (1) small intestine fivlarge intestine
Explanation:
Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are
(b) The largest gland in the human body is
(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and
act on food.
juices which
(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger like outgrowths
called
(c) Amocba digests its food in the
2. Mark T if the statement is true and
False
(a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. T/F7
(b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. /
(c) The gall bladder temporarily stores bile IT/
(d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth
and chew it for some time. (T/F)
3. Tick im mark the correct answer in each of the following:Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The main steps of nutrition in humans are
(b) The largest gland in the human body is
(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and
act on food.
juices which
(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger like outgrowths
called
(c) Amocba digests its food in the
2. Mark T if the statement is true and
False
(a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach. T/F7
(b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva. /
(c) The gall bladder temporarily stores bile IT/
(d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth
and chew it for some time. (T/F)
3. Tick im mark the correct answer in each of the following:
(a) Fat is completely digested in the
(i) stomach (l) mouth (1) small intestine fivlarge intestine
(a) Fat is completely digested in the
(i) stomach (l) mouth (1) small intestine fivlarge intestine