Question

what is dipole moment ?

Answer 1

A dipole moment ​is a measurement of the separation of two opposite electrical charges. Dipole moments are a vector quantity. The magnitude is equal to the charge multiplied by the distance between the charges and the direction is from negative charge to positive charge:

μ = q · r

where μ is the dipole moment, q is the magnitude of the separated charge, and r is the distance between the charges.

Answer 2

=> Electric dipole moment is the measurement of the distance of negative and positive (positive) charges in a circle. It measures the polarization of the charges in that board and in the international unit system, its unit is written in Coulomb-meter.

=> If two equal points are charge (charge) - one negative and second positive - which are written  + q and -q, and if there is a displacement vector (d) between them (going from negative to positive direction) If electrical dipole  is shown by p, it will be as follows:

P = qd
In this, the direction of p will also be negative from positive 

=> If many points are in charge then their electrical dipole moment is defined in the following manner:

P = ∑i qi ri 


=>  Where ri the position of charge qi  is vector.

dipole moment in electric field E

M = P * E