Question

What is dispersion of light? Explain it with a ray diagram. Also explain the cause of
dispersion of light.​

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Dispersion.

Visible light is actually made up of different colors. Each color bends by a different amount when refracted by glass. That's why visible light is split, or dispersed, into different colors when it passes through a lens or prism.

Dispersion occurs due to the different degrees of refraction experienced by different colours of light. Light of different colours may travel with the same speed in a vacuum, but they travel at different speeds in some refracting medium. The speed of violet light is relatively lower than that of red light.
Therefore, the refractive index of the medium is largest for violet light and the refractive index is least for red light (in the visible spectrum). As a result, the refraction or bending of violet coloured light is the maximum and that of red coloured light is minimum. This difference in the extent of bending of different colours of light results in the dispersion of white light into its constituent colours as they emerge from a prism.

Refer the figure below