what is dissociation of an acid?
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Explanation:
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An acid dissociation constant, Ka, (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction known as dissociation in the context of acid–base reactions...
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Explanation:
An acid dissociation constant, Ka, (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction known as dissociation in the context of acid–base reactions.
The chemical species HA, A−, and H+ are said to be in equilibrium when their concentrations (written above in square brackets) do not change with the passing of time, because both forward and backward reactions are occurring at the same very fast rate.[1] The chemical equation for acid dissociation can be written symbolically as:
where HA is a generic acid that dissociates into A−, the conjugate base of the acid and a hydrogen ion, H+. It is implicit in this definition that the quotient of activity coefficients, Γ,
is a constant that can be ignored in a given set of experimental conditions.[2]
For many practical purposes it is more convenient to discuss the logarithmic constant, pKa
[note 2]
The more positive the value of pKa, the smaller the extent of dissociation at any given pH (see Henderson–Hasselbalch equation)—that is, the weaker the acid. A weak acid has a pKavalue in the approximate range −2 to 12 in water.