Question

What is divergent evolution explain with the help of example?

Answer 1

Answer:

Divergent evolution or divergent selection is the accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, leading to speciation. Divergent evolution is typically exhibited when two populations become separated by a geographic barrier (such as in allopatric or peripatric speciation) and experience different selective pressuresthat drive adaptations to their new environment. After many generations and continual evolution, the populations become unable to interbreed with one another.[1] The American naturalist J. T. Gulick (1832-1923) was the first to use the term "divergent evolution",[2] with its use becoming widespread in modern evolutionary literature. Classic examples of divergence in nature are the adaptive radiation of the finches of the Galapagos or the coloration differences in populations of a species that live in different habitats such as with pocket mice and fence lizards.[3]

Divergent evolution or divergent selection is the accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, leading to speciation. Divergent evolution is typically exhibited when two populations become separated by a geographic barrier (such as in allopatric or peripatric speciation) and experience different selective pressuresthat drive adaptations to their new environment. After many generations and continual evolution, the populations become unable to interbreed with one another.[1] The American naturalist J. T. Gulick (1832-1923) was the first to use the term "divergent evolution",[2] with its use becoming widespread in modern evolutionary literature. Classic examples of divergence in nature are the adaptive radiation of the finches of the Galapagos or the coloration differences in populations of a species that live in different habitats such as with pocket mice and fence lizards.[3]The term can also be applied in molecular evolution, such as to proteins that derive from homologous genes. Both orthologous genes (resulting from a speciation event) and paralogous genes (resulting from gene duplication) can illustrate divergent evolution. Through gene duplication, it is possible for divergent evolution to occur between two genes within a species. Similarities between species that have diverged are due to their common origin, so such similarities are homologies. In contrast, convergent evolutionarises when an adaptation has arisen independently, creating analogous structuressuch as the wings of birds and of insects.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

The formation of dissimilar looking organisms from common ancestors is called divergent evolution. This is also known as adaptive radiation which represents evolution of new forms in several directions from the common ancestors type. The current example of such a process is the evolution of wild cabbage. For over more than 200 years, humans have cultivated wild cabbage as a food plant and generated different vegetables (like cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kohlrabi and kale etc) from it by different artificial selections. Thus all these structures of different vegetables are descended from the same ancestor i.e. wild cabbage.