Question

What is ecological succession!write a descriptive note on causes and types of ecological succession.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Ecological succession is the gradual process by which ecosystems change and develop over time. Nothing remains the same and habitats are constantly changing. There are two main types of succession, primary and secondary.

Answer 2

Ecological Succession is a general process which refers to the gradual change in condition of environment and the replacement of older species with newer ones.

Types of Ecological Succession:

There are two types of ecological succession:

1. Primary Succession:

It is characterised as initial stage of development of an ecosystem which begins with the creation of a community on such a location which was previously unoccupied by living organism.

E.g., Formation of certain type of forests of dried lava.

2. Secondary Succession:

It is characterised as a stage of re establishment of an ecosystem which existed earlier but was destroyed due to some natural calamities like fire, flood, etc. Such re establishment occurs due to the presence of seeds and organic matte’ of biological community in soil. E.g., Vegetation grows once again which was destroyed due to flood.

Causes of Ecological Succession:

Following are the causes of ecological succession:

1. Initial Causes:

Causes those are responsible for the destruction existing habitat. Such occurrences happen due to the following factors:

(a) Climatic Factor:

Such as wind, deposits, erosion, fire etc.

(b) Biotic Factor:

Such as various activity of organisms.

2. Continuing Causes:

Causes those are responsible for changes in population shifting features of an area. Such factors are:

(a) Migration for safety against outside aggregation.

(b) Migration due to industrialization and urbanization.

(c) As a reactionary step against local problems.

(d) Feeling of competition

3. Stabilising Cause:

Causes which bring stability to the communities. Such factors are:

(a) Fertility of land

(b) Climatic condition of the area

(c) Abundance of availability of minerals etc.