what is EI Nino Southern Oscillations?
Answers
Explanation:
What is the El Niño Southern Oscillation? More conveniently known as ENSO, it is the planet’s largest source of natural climate variability on interannual time scales. ENSO describes the interaction between ocean and atmosphere in the equatorial Pacific, but the results of this interaction are global, and can last for many months. There is a good level of ENSO awareness in our industry, such as that warm phases of the oscillation (El Niño) tend to suppress Atlantic hurricane activity, and that cool phases (La Niña) tend to enhance it. But how was ENSO discovered? And how does it work?
Blanford, Todd and Walker
The term “El Niño” (Christ child) was first used by fishermen in the seventeenth century to refer to the semi-periodic emergence of unusually warm seas off the coasts of Peru and Ecuador. The name was chosen because the arrival of these warmer waters typically coincided with the Christmas period. Arguably, however, the scientific understanding of this phenomenon did not originate from South America, but from India. The failure of the Indian summer monsoon rains in 1876 and 1877 which triggered the Great Famine, prompted Henry Blanford, the Imperial Meteorological Reporter to the government of India, to look for an explanation using atmospheric pressure observations. He not only discovered that pressure was anomalously high over India, it was also simultaneously high over large parts of Asia, Australia, and the south Indian Ocean.
Answer:
El Niño–Southern Oscillation is an irregularly periodic variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, affecting the climate of much of the tropics and subtropics. The warming phase of the sea temperature is known as El Niño and the cooling phase as La Niña.
Explanation:
What causes El Nino Southern Oscillation?
Although the exact initiating causes of an ENSO warm or cool event are not fully understood, the two components of ENSO – sea surface temperature and atmospheric pressure are strongly related. During an El Niño event, the easterly trade winds converging across the equatorial Pacific weaken.