Question

what is El Nino and it's effect?

Answer 1

El Niño and its Effects


Diagram showing the principle of the El Niño in the central Pacific. Colors indicate temperature, with red being warmest and blue coldest. In normal, non-El Niño conditions (top panel of schematic diagram), the trade winds blow towards the west across the tropical Pacific. These winds pile up warm surface water in the west Pacific, so that the sea surface is about 1/2meterhigher at Indonesia than at Ecuador. During El Niño (bottom panel of the schematic diagram), the trade winds relax in the central and western Pacific leading to a depression of the thermocline in the eastern Pacific, and an elevation of the thermocline in the west, thereby bringing an end to nutrient upwelling. (From: NOAA). For more information on El Niño

El Niño - A Definition

Unusual rainfall in Southern California and in Peru and Chile are commonly tied to a climatic condition that involves the entire Pacific and is referred to as "El Niño." The term, as applied to climate, originated with fishermen in Ecuador and Peru who used El Niño to mean the Christ Child as a way to describe a warm current that appears every few years in their fishing areas, around Christmas.