Question

what is el nino southern oscillation

Answer 1

El Nino, is an abnormal warming of surface ocean waters in the eastern tropical Pacific due to the Southern Oscillation. The Southern Oscillation is the see-saw pattern of reversing surface air pressure between the eastern and western tropical Pacific; when the surface pressure is high in the eastern tropical Pacific it is low in the western tropical Pacific, and vice-versa. Because the ocean warming and pressure reversals are, for the most part, simultaneous, scientists call this phenomenon the El Nino/Southern Oscillation or ENSO for short. South American fisherman have given this phenomenon the name El Nino, which is Spanish for "The Christ Child," because it comes about the time of the celebration of the birth of the Christ Child-Christmas.
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Answer 2

In this, a warm Ocean current flows through the Peruvian Coast, in place of the cold Peruvian current. It occurs at an interval of 2 to 5 years.