Question

What is electromagnetic spectrum? Write briefly about its parts..... .. ............... .....No spam

Answer 1

$\red{\textbf{Answer}}$.

$\blue{\textbf{Electromagnetic spectrum}}$:-

The orderly distribution of em. waves according to their $\textbf{wavelengths}$ is called electromagnetic spectrum.

It consists e.m. waves having $\textbf{wavelength}$ from ,

$6 \times {10}^{ - 14} m \: to \: 6 \times {10}^{6} m$

or ,

$\blue{\texttt{frequency from}}$ ,

$50 \: hz \: to \: {10}^{22}$

The main parts of this spectrum are as follow :-

(i)$\gamma - rays$

These rays are highly $\textbf{energetic radiations}$ produced in nuclear reactions and also emitted by the radioactive nuclei and have

$\blue{\texttt{frequency range from ,</p><p></p><p>}}$

$3 \times {10}^{19}hz \: to \: 5 \times {10}^{22}hz$

(ii) $\red{\textbf{X-rays}}$ : -

The X-rays are produced when highly $\textbf{energetic electrons}$ are bombarded on a metal target having atomic number . These rays were $\textbf{discovered}$ by $\red{\textbf{W .Rontgen}}$ and $\blue{\texttt{have frequency range from,}}$,

${10}^{16} \: hz \: to \: {10}^{19} \: hz$

(iii) $\red{\textbf{Ultra-violet rays}}$. :-

The ultraviolet rays are part of the solar radiations and can also be produced by $\textbf{discharge through mercury}$ (or xenon) and by arcs of mercury (or iron) .These rays were $\textbf{discovered}$ by $\red{\textbf{Ritter}}$ and have $\blue{\texttt{frequency range from ,}}$

$8 \times {10}^{14} \: to \: 5 \times {10}^{17} \: hz$

Most of the ultraviolet light coming from the sun is absorbed by the ozone layer .

(iv) $\red{\textbf{Visible light}}$. : -

These rays form a part of $\textbf{solar radiations}$ and can also be produced by atomic excitations, molecular excitations and arc flame. The $\blue{\texttt{frequency of visible radiations}}$ is from ,

$4 \times {10}^{14} hz \: to \: 8 \times {10}^{14} \: hz$

(v)$\red{\textbf{Infra-red radiations}}$: -

The infra-red radiations are also called $\textbf{t}$heat (or thermal) radiations emitted by all hot bodies. The Nernst lamp, Globar (Silicon carbide rod) and Co2-laser are used in laboratories to produce$\textbf{ I. R. radiations}$. These radiations were discovered by $\red{\textbf{Hershall}}$ and $\blue{\texttt{frequency range from}}$,

${10}^{13 \: } hz \: to \: 4 \times {10}^{4} \: hz$

Infrared tadiations play an important role in maintaining earth's warmth through '$\textbf{greenhouse effect}$'.

(vi) $\red{\textbf{Microwaves}}$ :-

Microwaves are produced by $\textbf{special vacuum tubes}$ such as klystron, magnetrons and Gunn diodes. These wave have

$\blue{\texttt{frequency range from}}$,

$3 \times {10}^{11} \: hz \: to \: {10}^{13} hz$

Due to their short wavelength, they are suitable for the $\textbf{RADAR }$and other communication systems}.

(vii)$\red{\textbf{Radio waves}}$. : -

The radio waves are produced by $\textbf{electronic oscillators}$, are used in radio broadcasting, T. V, transmission, mobile phones, etc. These waves have $\blue{\texttt{frequency range from}}$:-

$3 \times {10}^{4} \: hz \: to \: 3 \times {10}^{8} \: hz$

Answer 2

Electromagnetic spectrum, the entire distribution of electromagnetic radiation according to frequency or wavelength. Although all electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, they do so at a wide range of frequencies, wavelengths, and photon energies.

wavelength, and gamma rays have the shortest wavelength.

Radio waves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and gamma rays are all types of electromagnetic radiation. Radio waves have the longest wavelength, and gamma rays have the shortest wavelength.