Question

What is Endoplasmic Reticulum ​

Answer 1

Answer:

• The endoplasmic reticulum is, in essence, the transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding. It is a type of organelle made up of two subunits – rough endoplasmic reticulum, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

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Answer 2

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What is Endoplasmic Reticulum ?

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What is Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Endoplasmic reticulum transpires in two forms: a type with ribosome-studded surface and another with a smooth surface. The latter is called the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and the former is called the rough endoplasmic reticulum. These membranes form continuous folds, eventually joining the outer layer of the nuclear membrane. Except for sperm cells and red blood cells, the endoplasmic reticulum is observed in every other type of eukaryotic cell.

Structure of Endoplasmic Reticulum

The structure of endoplasmic reticulum is shaped like a sac. Since ER is of two types, each has its own distinguishing features:

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure

• The rough endoplasmic reticulum is named so because of its appearance.
• It is a series of connected flattened sacs having several ribosomes on its outer surface, hence the name.
• It synthesizes and secretes proteins in the liver, hormones and other substances in the glands.
• Rough ER is prominent in cells where protein synthesis happens (such as hepatocytes)

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure

• The smooth endoplasmic reticulum, on the other hand, does not have ribosomes.
• The smooth endoplasmic reticulum has a tubular form.
• It participates in the production of phospholipids, the chief lipids in cell membranes and are essential in the process of metabolism.
• Smooth ER transports the products of the rough ER to other cellular organelles, especially the Golgi apparatus

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