what is endoplasmic reticulum give types and function
Answers
Answer:
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a type of organelle found in eukaryotic cells that forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures known as cisternae. The membranes of the ER are continuous with the outer nuclear membrane. The endoplasmic reticulum occurs in most types of eukaryotic cells, but is absent from red blood cells and spermatozoa.
FUNCTIONS:
* ER forms the supporting framework of the cell
* Its large surface area inside the cell is the site for various metabolic activities
* It helps to keep various cell organelles in position.
* It acts as a pathway for the distribution of materials(especially proteins) from one part of cell to the other. It is also refered to as internal transport system of cell
* It is associated with the synthesis, storage, and transport of metabolic products such as proteins and lipids
* Protein synthesis occurs on the surface of RER by ribosomes whereas lipid and steroid synthesis occurs on the surface of SER.
* Some of the synthesised proteins and lipids of ER help in building the plasma membrane. This process is call membrane biogenesis.
*SER of liver of vertebrates plays an imp role in detoxification of many poisonous substances and drugs.
Answer: The two types of endoplasmic reticulum are : Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: Their main function is produce proteins in the cells and ribosomes are attached to their surface. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: Their main function is to produce lipids and also detoxify toxins in the body in the liver and kidney cells.
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