What is erosion ? what are its types ? what are the methods to prevent soil erosion in hilly areas draw or paste?
Answers
✳️➡️Erosion is the loss of soil. As soil erodes, it loses nutrients, clogs rivers with dirt, and eventually turns the area into a desert. Although erosion happens naturally, human activities can make it much worse.
➡️The four most common soil erosion prevention methods are afforestation, erosion control mat (geosynthetics), mulch, and reinforced soil slopes or walls.
The simplest and most natural way to prevent erosion is through afforestation i.e. planting eco-friendly vegetation. Plants establish root systems, which stabilizes soil and prevents soil erosion against weathering forces.
➡️Using geosynthetics like erosion control mat is an effective method because it holds the root of vegetation and also stabilizes soil. When used in conjunction with growing vegetation, it is even more effective. There are three main types of erosion control mat: polymeric 3-D mat, jute mat and coir mat.
➡️Applying a layer of mulch/fertilizer to the soil top allows the soil to slowly soak up water, as it protects against rain impact, and restores pH levels and allows vegetation to grow and thus helping with erosion prevention.
Soil reinforced slopes and walls can be built around the area of erosion to prevent water run off. Runoff water leads to further erosion, and if used with other methods, reinforced soil walls can be a very effective way to prevent soil erosion. Perforated PVC pipes wrapped with non-woven geotextile can be used for safe drainage of surface and sub-surface water.
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