What is filtration? What is the process of filtration?
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Filtration is the separating of substances based on their different physical and chemical qualities. Typically, we think of it as the removal of solid particles from a mixture containing both solids and liquids. ... Different materials are used for the purpose of filtration, including paper, sand, and cloth.
➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ
➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪs ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪᴄᴀʟʟʏ ᴅᴇғɪɴᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇss ᴏғ sᴇᴘᴀʀᴀᴛɪɴɢ sᴜsᴘᴇɴᴅᴇᴅ sᴏʟɪᴅ ᴍᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴀ ʟɪϙᴜɪᴅ, ʙʏ ᴄᴀᴜsɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴘᴀss ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏʀᴇs ᴏғ ᴀ ᴍᴇᴍʙʀᴀɴᴇ, ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀ ғɪʟᴛᴇʀ.
➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪs ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪᴄᴀʟʟʏ ᴅᴇғɪɴᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇss ᴏғ sᴇᴘᴀʀᴀᴛɪɴɢ sᴜsᴘᴇɴᴅᴇᴅ sᴏʟɪᴅ ᴍᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴀ ʟɪϙᴜɪᴅ, ʙʏ ᴄᴀᴜsɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴘᴀss ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏʀᴇs ᴏғ ᴀ ᴍᴇᴍʙʀᴀɴᴇ, ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀ ғɪʟᴛᴇʀ.➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ Pʀᴏᴄᴇss
➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪs ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪᴄᴀʟʟʏ ᴅᴇғɪɴᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇss ᴏғ sᴇᴘᴀʀᴀᴛɪɴɢ sᴜsᴘᴇɴᴅᴇᴅ sᴏʟɪᴅ ᴍᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴀ ʟɪϙᴜɪᴅ, ʙʏ ᴄᴀᴜsɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴘᴀss ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏʀᴇs ᴏғ ᴀ ᴍᴇᴍʙʀᴀɴᴇ, ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀ ғɪʟᴛᴇʀ.➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ Pʀᴏᴄᴇss➺Tʜᴇ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴍᴀɪɴ ᴛʏᴘᴇs:ʜᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs. A ʜᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴜɴɪғᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜᴏᴜᴛ. A ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ɴᴏᴛ ᴜɴɪғᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜᴏᴜᴛ, ɪ.ᴇ., ɪɴɢʀᴇᴅɪᴇɴᴛs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀʀᴇ ᴅɪsᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛᴇᴅ ᴜɴᴇϙᴜᴀʟʟʏ. Aɪʀ ɪs ᴀ ʜᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ɢᴀsᴇs, ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅɪɴɢ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ, ɴɪᴛʀᴏɢᴇɴ, ᴄᴀʀʙᴏɴ ᴅɪᴏxɪᴅᴇ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴠᴀᴘᴏᴜʀ.
➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪs ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪᴄᴀʟʟʏ ᴅᴇғɪɴᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇss ᴏғ sᴇᴘᴀʀᴀᴛɪɴɢ sᴜsᴘᴇɴᴅᴇᴅ sᴏʟɪᴅ ᴍᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴀ ʟɪϙᴜɪᴅ, ʙʏ ᴄᴀᴜsɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴘᴀss ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏʀᴇs ᴏғ ᴀ ᴍᴇᴍʙʀᴀɴᴇ, ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀ ғɪʟᴛᴇʀ.➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ Pʀᴏᴄᴇss➺Tʜᴇ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴍᴀɪɴ ᴛʏᴘᴇs:ʜᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs. A ʜᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴜɴɪғᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜᴏᴜᴛ. A ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ɴᴏᴛ ᴜɴɪғᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜᴏᴜᴛ, ɪ.ᴇ., ɪɴɢʀᴇᴅɪᴇɴᴛs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀʀᴇ ᴅɪsᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛᴇᴅ ᴜɴᴇϙᴜᴀʟʟʏ. Aɪʀ ɪs ᴀ ʜᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ɢᴀsᴇs, ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅɪɴɢ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ, ɴɪᴛʀᴏɢᴇɴ, ᴄᴀʀʙᴏɴ ᴅɪᴏxɪᴅᴇ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴠᴀᴘᴏᴜʀ.➺Hᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴀʀᴇ sᴏᴍᴇᴛɪᴍᴇs ᴀʟsᴏ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ sᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴs; ᴇsᴘᴇᴄɪᴀʟʟʏ ᴡʜᴇɴ ɪᴛ ɪs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴀ sᴏʟɪᴅ ᴅɪssᴏʟᴠᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴀ ʟɪϙᴜɪᴅ. Aɴ ᴇxᴀᴍᴘʟᴇ ᴏғ ᴀ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ sᴀɴᴅ ɪɴ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ. Oɴ sʜᴀᴋɪɴɢ, sᴀɴᴅ ᴡɪʟʟ sᴛᴀʏ ᴜɴᴅɪssᴏʟᴠᴇᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀʀᴇ ᴅɪsᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛᴇᴅ ᴜɴᴇᴠᴇɴʟʏ. Tʜᴇ sᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇs ғʟᴏᴀᴛɪɴɢ ᴀʀᴏᴜɴᴅ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴡɪʟʟ ᴇᴠᴇɴᴛᴜᴀʟʟʏ sᴇᴛᴛʟᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴛᴛᴏᴍ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴛᴛʟᴇ ᴍᴀᴋᴇs ɪᴛ ᴀ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ. Dɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ᴛʏᴘᴇs ᴏғ ғɪʟᴛᴇʀs ᴀʀᴇ ᴜsᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴘᴜʀɪғʏ ᴀɴᴅ ғᴏʀ sᴇᴘᴀʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏɴᴛᴀᴍɪɴᴀɴᴛs. Bᴀsᴇᴅ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʏᴘᴇ ᴏғ ᴄᴏɴᴛᴀᴍɪɴᴀɴᴛ-ʟᴀʀɢᴇ ᴏʀ sᴍᴀʟʟ, ғɪʟᴛᴇʀs ᴏғ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ᴘᴏʀᴇ sɪᴢᴇs ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ᴜsᴇᴅ, ᴇᴠᴇɴ ᴀᴛ ʜᴏᴍᴇ.
➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪs ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪᴄᴀʟʟʏ ᴅᴇғɪɴᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇss ᴏғ sᴇᴘᴀʀᴀᴛɪɴɢ sᴜsᴘᴇɴᴅᴇᴅ sᴏʟɪᴅ ᴍᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴀ ʟɪϙᴜɪᴅ, ʙʏ ᴄᴀᴜsɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴘᴀss ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏʀᴇs ᴏғ ᴀ ᴍᴇᴍʙʀᴀɴᴇ, ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀ ғɪʟᴛᴇʀ.➺Fɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ Pʀᴏᴄᴇss➺Tʜᴇ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴍᴀɪɴ ᴛʏᴘᴇs:ʜᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs. A ʜᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴜɴɪғᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜᴏᴜᴛ. A ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ɴᴏᴛ ᴜɴɪғᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜᴏᴜᴛ, ɪ.ᴇ., ɪɴɢʀᴇᴅɪᴇɴᴛs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀʀᴇ ᴅɪsᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛᴇᴅ ᴜɴᴇϙᴜᴀʟʟʏ. Aɪʀ ɪs ᴀ ʜᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ɢᴀsᴇs, ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅɪɴɢ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ, ɴɪᴛʀᴏɢᴇɴ, ᴄᴀʀʙᴏɴ ᴅɪᴏxɪᴅᴇ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴠᴀᴘᴏᴜʀ.➺Hᴏᴍᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴀʀᴇ sᴏᴍᴇᴛɪᴍᴇs ᴀʟsᴏ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ sᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴs; ᴇsᴘᴇᴄɪᴀʟʟʏ ᴡʜᴇɴ ɪᴛ ɪs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴀ sᴏʟɪᴅ ᴅɪssᴏʟᴠᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴀ ʟɪϙᴜɪᴅ. Aɴ ᴇxᴀᴍᴘʟᴇ ᴏғ ᴀ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪs ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ sᴀɴᴅ ɪɴ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ. Oɴ sʜᴀᴋɪɴɢ, sᴀɴᴅ ᴡɪʟʟ sᴛᴀʏ ᴜɴᴅɪssᴏʟᴠᴇᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀʀᴇ ᴅɪsᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛᴇᴅ ᴜɴᴇᴠᴇɴʟʏ. Tʜᴇ sᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇs ғʟᴏᴀᴛɪɴɢ ᴀʀᴏᴜɴᴅ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴡɪʟʟ ᴇᴠᴇɴᴛᴜᴀʟʟʏ sᴇᴛᴛʟᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴛᴛᴏᴍ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴏᴛᴛʟᴇ ᴍᴀᴋᴇs ɪᴛ ᴀ ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏɢᴇɴᴇᴏᴜs ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ. Dɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ᴛʏᴘᴇs ᴏғ ғɪʟᴛᴇʀs ᴀʀᴇ ᴜsᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴘᴜʀɪғʏ ᴀɴᴅ ғᴏʀ sᴇᴘᴀʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇs ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏɴᴛᴀᴍɪɴᴀɴᴛs. Bᴀsᴇᴅ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʏᴘᴇ ᴏғ ᴄᴏɴᴛᴀᴍɪɴᴀɴᴛ-ʟᴀʀɢᴇ ᴏʀ sᴍᴀʟʟ, ғɪʟᴛᴇʀs ᴏғ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ᴘᴏʀᴇ sɪᴢᴇs ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ᴜsᴇᴅ, ᴇᴠᴇɴ ᴀᴛ ʜᴏᴍᴇ.