what is fluorescence?give its application
Answers
Explanation:
Introduction to Steady State and Time Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy
The term fluorescence refers to one type of luminescence. Luminescence, broadly defined, is light emission from a molecule. There are several types of luminescence.
Photoluminescence is when light energy, or photons, stimulate the emission of a photon.
Chemiluminescence, is defined as when chemical energy stimulates the emission of a photon, and this includes bioluminescence, as seen in fire flies and many forms of sea life.
Electroluminescence, is when electrical energy or a strong electric field, stimulates the emission of a photon, such as in some lighting applications.
Fluorescence, specifically, is a type of photoluminescence where light raises an electron to an excited state. The excited state undergoes rapid thermal energy loss to the environment through vibrations, and then a photon is emitted from the lowest-lying singlet excited state. This process of photon emission competes for other non-radiative processes including energy transfer and heat loss.
When the term “fluorescence” is used, the same methods of measurement can typically be applied to any of the above categories of luminescence.
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Answer:
Explanation:Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation. The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can be seen only when exposed to UV light. Fluorescent materials cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops, unlike phosphorescent materials, which continue to emit light for some time after.
Fluorescence has many practical applications, including mineralogy, gemology, medicine, chemical sensors (fluorescence spectroscopy), fluorescent labelling, dyes, biological detectors, cosmic-ray detection, and, most commonly, fluorescent lamps. Fluorescence also occurs frequently in nature in some minerals and in various biological states in many branches of the animal kingdom.