Question

what is folded mountain,block mountain and volcanic mountain?answer briefly with examplr of such mountains.​

Answer 1

folded mountains are created when two of earth's tectonic plates are pushed together

example: Himalayas

block mountains are mountains formed by natural faults in the earth's crust

example: Harz mountains in Germany

volcanic mountains are mountains which are formed due to the accumulation of eruptive products

example: Mount Fiji

hope it helps

Answer 2

$\mathtt{\huge{\underline{\blue{Mountains:-}}}}$

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• A mountain is a natural elevation of the earth's surface. It rises high above its surroundings.

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• Mountains have narrow summits and broad bases. The mountains are found both on land and on the ocean floor.

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• Some mountains are very high and some mountains are relatively short. Some have pointed peaks while some have rounded tops, Some mountains have steep slopes while some mountains have gentle slopes.

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• The higher reaches of the mountains can be very cold. The higher the altitude, the lower will the temperature.

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$\mathtt{\huge{\underline{\green{Types \: of \: Mountains:-}}}}$

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$\mathtt{\huge{\underline{\orange{Fold \: Mountains:-}}}}$

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• Fold Mountains are formed when the tectonic plates converge due to internal forces. The cru along the point of convergence (the point where two plates collide against each other) crumpled or folded. Massive layers of the earth's crust are lifted resulting in the formation of Fold Mountains.

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• The Himalayas and the Alps are the Fold Mountains. The Himalayas were formed about 50 million years ago while the Alps were formed about 34 million years ago. They are geologically younger than other fold mountains in the world. Therefore, they are known as the young fold mountains. They have rugged relief, high and conical peaks.

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• The Aravali in India, the Urals in Russia and the Appalachians in North America are the old fold mountains in the world. e mountains have been considerably worn down e to continuous erosion over millions of mountains have rounded peaks.

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$\mathtt{\huge{\underline{\pink{Block \: Mountains:-}}}}$

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• These mountains formed by the divergent (moving vay from each other) movement of the plates. When two plates diverge, fractures appear on the earth's surface. These fractures are called faults. The large areas get displaced along the two fault lines. The uplifted part of the land is called horst which forms block mountain and the subsided part is called graben which forms valley.

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• Sometimes, rivers may flow through the rift valleys. The Rhine Valley is a rift valley and the Vosges Mountains in Europe are Block Mountains.

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$\mathtt{\huge{\underline{\purple{Volcanic \: Mountains:-}}}}$

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• When magma reaches the surface of the earth through a vent (opening), conical or dome-shaped structures are formed. These are called volcanic mountains. Magma that comes to the surface of the earth is called lava.

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• The hot lava flows over the surface of the earth, cools and then hardens to form lava sheets. Over thousands of years, several layers of such lava sheets are deposited on top of each other to form volcanic mountains. If the magma is thin and flows easily, gently sloping mountains are formed; for example, Mauna Loa in Hawaii. If lava is nick, the mountains with steep sloping sides are formed; Ni example, Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt. Fuji in Japan.

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$\large{\underline{\sf{Additional \: Information:-}}}$

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How mountain help us ?

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• Mountain help cause rainfall by forcing moisture laden air to rise, condense and fall down in the form of rains.

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• Mountains, having glaciers, are the source of perennial rivers. For example, the Indus, Brahmaputra and Ganga are some perennial rivers in India fed by mountain glaciers.

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• Many fresh water lakes and springs are also found in mountains. Thus, mountains act as water reservoirs.

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• Mountains are rich in flora and fauna, The forests provide products such as fuel, lac, tin fruits, nuts, medicinal herbs and fodder for animals.Many mountains are rich sources minerals.

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• Dams built across river valleys provide water for irrigation and hydro electricity, for example Bhakra-Nagal Dam built on River Sutlej.

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• Mountains encourage tourism. They also support tourism activities such as paragliding, m climbing, hand gliding, river rafting and skiing.