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What is Fractional distillation?Long Answer
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Answer 1

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Fractional distillation : The process of distillation used to separate the components of a homogeneous liquid-liquid mixture on the basis of the difference in their boiling points is called fractional distillation. The difference in their boiling points must be 25°C or more.

Example : A mixture of water and alcohol. Alcohol boils at a lower temperature than water. The vapours of alcohol are collected and cooled while water is left behind in the flask.

For the separation of components, a fractionating column is fixed over the distilling flask, so that if water vapours move up along with alcohol, it should condense and come back to the flask.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize. It uses distillation to fractionate.