Question

what is frictional resistance ?how to calculate it ?

Answer 1

Answer:

The frictional resistance (force) of the pipe (Fr) to thermal growth is given by the following equation: Eq. 8-18. where μ = coefficient of friction between the soil and pipe (varies from 0.1 to 0.8) FL = fill load = Wcm = CWBD, for calculation of thermal expansion, lb/ft.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

The frictional resistance (force) of the pipe (Fr) to thermal growth is given by the following equation: Eq. 8-18. where μ = coefficient of friction between the soil and pipe (varies from 0.1 to 0.8) FL = fill load = Wcm = CWBD, for calculation of thermal expansion, lb/ft.

Frictional resistance is the net fore-and-aft forces upon the ship due to tangential fluid forces. Frictional resistance accounts for nearly 80 percent of total resistance in slow-speed ships like oil tankers and as much as 50 percent in high-speed ships like container vessels