What is global warming? What are it's effect? Write in detail. (5 mark questions)
Answers
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Global warming refers to the increasing average global temperature since the Industrial Revolution. The average global temperature has increased by about 0.8 degrees Celsius (1.4 degrees Fahrenheit) since 1880. Global warming is an ongoing process; scientists expect the average global temperature to rise an additional 0.3 to 0.7 degrees Celsius through 2035.
Certain gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, help trap the sun's heat in the atmosphere. Known as greenhouse gases, they exist naturally in the atmosphere and help keep the Earth’s surface warm enough to sustain life (without greenhouse gases, the average temperature on Earth would be a mere zero degrees Fahrenheit, instead of today's roughly 58.3 degrees Fahrenheit).
Human activities, notably the burning of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and oil) to power vehicles, factories, and homes, release additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Other activities, such as raising livestock, increase methane levels. Higher concentrations of these greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap more heat on Earth, causing a manmade rise in global temperatures. According to multiple reviews of the scientific literature, an overwhelming 97 percent of climate scientists agree that human activity is the main driver behind the global warming we are experiencing.
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