Question

what is gram stain principles in detail​

Answer 1

$\tt\huge\pink{៚Answer\: :-}$

⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀

$\blue{❥}$ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴀᴍ sᴛᴀɪɴɪɴɢ ᴍᴇᴛʜᴏᴅ, ɴᴀᴍᴇᴅ ᴀғᴛᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴀɴɪsʜ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴏʟᴏɢɪsᴛ ᴡʜᴏ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴᴀʟʟʏ ᴅᴇᴠɪsᴇᴅ ɪᴛ ɪɴ 1882 (ᴘᴜʙʟɪsʜᴇᴅ 1884), ʜᴀɴs ᴄʜʀɪsᴛɪᴀɴ ɢʀᴀᴍ, ɪs ᴏɴᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏsᴛ ɪᴍᴘᴏʀᴛᴀɴᴛ sᴛᴀɪɴɪɴɢ ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪǫᴜᴇs ɪɴ ᴍɪᴄʀᴏʙɪᴏʟᴏɢʏ. ɪᴛ ɪs ᴀʟᴍᴏsᴛ ᴀʟᴡᴀʏs ᴛʜᴇ ғɪʀsᴛ ᴛᴇsᴛ ᴘᴇʀғᴏʀᴍᴇᴅ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪғɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀɪᴍᴀʀʏ sᴛᴀɪɴ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴀᴍ's ᴍᴇᴛʜᴏᴅ ɪs ᴄʀʏsᴛᴀʟ ᴠɪᴏʟᴇᴛ. ᴄʀʏsᴛᴀʟ ᴠɪᴏʟᴇᴛ ɪs sᴏᴍᴇᴛɪᴍᴇs sᴜʙsᴛɪᴛᴜᴛᴇᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴍᴇᴛʜʏʟᴇɴᴇ ʙʟᴜᴇ, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ɪs ᴇǫᴜᴀʟʟʏ ᴇғғᴇᴄᴛɪᴠᴇ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪᴄʀᴏᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ʀᴇᴛᴀɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʀʏsᴛᴀʟ ᴠɪᴏʟᴇᴛ-ɪᴏᴅɪɴᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʟᴇx ᴀᴘᴘᴇᴀʀ ᴘᴜʀᴘʟᴇ ʙʀᴏᴡɴ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴍɪᴄʀᴏsᴄᴏᴘɪᴄ ᴇxᴀᴍɪɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴍɪᴄʀᴏᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴀʀᴇ sᴛᴀɪɴᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴀᴍ's ᴍᴇᴛʜᴏᴅ ᴀʀᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴʟʏ ᴄʟᴀssɪғɪᴇᴅ ᴀs ɢʀᴀᴍ-ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴏʀ ɢʀᴀᴍ ɴᴏɴ-ɴᴇɢᴀᴛɪᴠᴇ. ᴏᴛʜᴇʀs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴀʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ sᴛᴀɪɴᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴄʀʏsᴛᴀʟ ᴠɪᴏʟᴇᴛ ᴀʀᴇ ʀᴇғᴇʀʀᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴀs ɢʀᴀᴍ ɴᴇɢᴀᴛɪᴠᴇ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴀᴘᴘᴇᴀʀ ʀᴇᴅ.

ɢʀᴀᴍ sᴛᴀɪɴɪɴɢ ɪs ʙᴀsᴇᴅ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʙɪʟɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ ᴄᴇʟʟ ᴡᴀʟʟ ᴛᴏ ʀᴇᴛᴀɪɴɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʀʏsᴛᴀʟ ᴠɪᴏʟᴇᴛ ᴅʏᴇ ᴅᴜʀɪɴɢ sᴏʟᴠᴇɴᴛ ᴛʀᴇᴀᴛᴍᴇɴᴛ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴇʟʟ ᴡᴀʟʟs ғᴏʀ ɢʀᴀᴍ-ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴍɪᴄʀᴏᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴍs ʜᴀᴠᴇ ᴀ ʜɪɢʜᴇʀ ᴘᴇᴘᴛɪᴅᴏɢʟʏᴄᴀɴ ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴏᴡᴇʀ ʟɪᴘɪᴅ ᴄᴏɴᴛᴇɴᴛ ᴛʜᴀɴ ɢʀᴀᴍ-ɴᴇɢᴀᴛɪᴠᴇ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ. ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ ᴄᴇʟʟ ᴡᴀʟʟs ᴀʀᴇ sᴛᴀɪɴᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʀʏsᴛᴀʟ ᴠɪᴏʟᴇᴛ. ɪᴏᴅɪɴᴇ ɪs sᴜʙsᴇǫᴜᴇɴᴛʟʏ ᴀᴅᴅᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴀ ᴍᴏʀᴅᴀɴᴛ ᴛᴏ ғᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʀʏsᴛᴀʟ ᴠɪᴏʟᴇᴛ-ɪᴏᴅɪɴᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʟᴇx sᴏ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅʏᴇ ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ʙᴇ ʀᴇᴍᴏᴠᴇᴅ ᴇᴀsɪʟʏ. ᴛʜɪs sᴛᴇᴘ ɪs ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴʟʏ ʀᴇғᴇʀʀᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴀs ғɪxɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅʏᴇ. ʜᴏᴡᴇᴠᴇʀ, sᴜʙsᴇǫᴜᴇɴᴛ ᴛʀᴇᴀᴛᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴀ ᴅᴇᴄᴏʟᴏʀɪᴢᴇʀ, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ɪs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴇᴅ sᴏʟᴠᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ᴇᴛʜᴀɴᴏʟ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀᴄᴇᴛᴏɴᴇ, ᴅɪssᴏʟᴠᴇs ᴛʜᴇ ʟɪᴘɪᴅ ʟᴀʏᴇʀ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴀᴍ-ɴᴇɢᴀᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴄᴇʟʟs. ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇᴍᴏᴠᴀʟ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ʟɪᴘɪᴅ ʟᴀʏᴇʀ ᴇɴʜᴀɴᴄᴇs ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴇᴀᴄʜɪɴɢ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀɪᴍᴀʀʏ sᴛᴀɪɴ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴇʟʟs ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ sᴜʀʀᴏᴜɴᴅɪɴɢ sᴏʟᴠᴇɴᴛ. ɪɴ ᴄᴏɴᴛʀᴀsᴛ, ᴛʜᴇ sᴏʟᴠᴇɴᴛ ᴅᴇʜʏᴅʀᴀᴛᴇs ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʜɪᴄᴋᴇʀ ɢʀᴀᴍ-ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴄᴇʟʟ ᴡᴀʟʟs, ᴄʟᴏsɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏʀᴇs ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴇʟʟ ᴡᴀʟʟ sʜʀɪɴᴋs ᴅᴜʀɪɴɢ ᴅᴇʜʏᴅʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ᴀs ᴀ ʀᴇsᴜʟᴛ, ᴛʜᴇ ᴅɪғғᴜsɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴠɪᴏʟᴇᴛ-ɪᴏᴅɪɴᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʟᴇx ɪs ʙʟᴏᴄᴋᴇᴅ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ ʀᴇᴍᴀɪɴ sᴛᴀɪɴᴇᴅ. ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴇɴɢᴛʜ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇᴄᴏʟᴏʀɪᴢᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪs ᴄʀɪᴛɪᴄᴀʟ ɪɴ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛɪᴀᴛɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴀᴍ-ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴠᴇ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴀᴍ-ɴᴇɢᴀᴛɪᴠᴇ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ. ᴀ ᴘʀᴏʟᴏɴɢᴇᴅ ᴇxᴘᴏsᴜʀᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇᴄᴏʟᴏʀɪᴢɪɴɢ ᴀɢᴇɴᴛ ᴡɪʟʟ ʀᴇᴍᴏᴠᴇ ᴀʟʟ ᴛʜᴇ sᴛᴀɪɴ ғʀᴏᴍ ʙᴏᴛʜ ᴛʏᴘᴇs ᴏғ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ. sᴏᴍᴇ ɢʀᴀᴍ-ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴠᴇ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ ᴍᴀʏ ʟᴏsᴇ ᴛʜᴇ sᴛᴀɪɴ ᴇᴀsɪʟʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇʀᴇғᴏʀᴇ ᴀᴘᴘᴇᴀʀ ᴀs ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ɢʀᴀᴍ-ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ɢʀᴀᴍ-ɴᴇɢᴀᴛɪᴠᴇ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ (ɢʀᴀᴍ-ᴠᴀʀɪᴀʙʟᴇ).

⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀

⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀

⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀

Hope its help uhh :)