what is hardening and quenching of steel
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The use of this treatment will result in an improvement of the mechanical properties, as well as an increase in the level of hardness, producing a tougher, more durable item. Alloys are heated above the critical transformation temperature for the material, then cooled rapidly enough to cause the soft initial material to transform to a much harder, stronger structure. Alloys may be air cooled, or cooled by quenching in oil, water, or another liquid, depending upon the amount of alloying elements in the material. Hardened materials are usually tempered or stress relieved to improve their dimensional stability and toughness.
Steel parts often require a heat treatment to obtain improved mechanical properties, such as increasing increase hardness or strength. The hardening process consists of heating the components above the critical (normalizing) temperature, holding at this temperature for one hour per inch of thickness cooling at a rate fast enough to allow the material to transform to a much harder, stronger structure, and then tempering. Steel is essentially an alloy of iron and carbon; other steel alloys have other metal elements in solution. Heating the material above the critical temperature causes carbon and the other elements to go into solid solution. Quenching "freezes" the microstructure, inducing stresses. Parts are subsequently tempered to transform the microstructure, achieve the appropriate hardness and eliminate the stresses.
Metal Quenching
Material is heated up to the suitable temperature and then quenched in water or oil to harden to full hardness according to the kind of steels.
Material is heated to the suitable temperature for hardening, then cooled rapidly by immersing the hot part is water, oil or another suitable liquid to transform the material to a fully hardened structure. Parts which are quenched usually must be aged, tempered or stress relieved to achieve the proper toughness, final hardness and dimensional stability.
Alloys may be air cooled, or cooled by quenching in oil, water, or another liquid, depending upon the amount of alloying elements in the material and final mechanical properties to be achieved. Hardened materials are tempered to improve their dimensional stability and toughness.
Steel parts often require a heat treatment to obtain improved mechanical properties, such as increasing increase hardness or strength. The hardening process consists of heating the components above the critical (normalizing) temperature, holding at this temperature for one hour per inch of thickness cooling at a rate fast enough to allow the material to transform to a much harder, stronger structure, and then tempering. Steel is essentially an alloy of iron and carbon; other steel alloys have other metal elements in solution. Heating the material above the critical temperature causes carbon and the other elements to go into solid solution. Quenching "freezes" the microstructure, inducing stresses. Parts are subsequently tempered to transform the microstructure, achieve the appropriate hardness and eliminate the stresses.
Metal Quenching
Material is heated up to the suitable temperature and then quenched in water or oil to harden to full hardness according to the kind of steels.
Material is heated to the suitable temperature for hardening, then cooled rapidly by immersing the hot part is water, oil or another suitable liquid to transform the material to a fully hardened structure. Parts which are quenched usually must be aged, tempered or stress relieved to achieve the proper toughness, final hardness and dimensional stability.
Alloys may be air cooled, or cooled by quenching in oil, water, or another liquid, depending upon the amount of alloying elements in the material and final mechanical properties to be achieved. Hardened materials are tempered to improve their dimensional stability and toughness.
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