Question

what is heating effect of electric current? write any four applications of heating effect of electric current
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Answer 1

When an electric current is passed through a conductor, it generates heat due to the hindrance caused by the conductor to the flowing current. The work done in overcoming the hindrance to the current generates heat in that conductor.

The heating effect of electric current is used in the following applications:

Electric Bulb: In an electric bulb, the filament of bulb gives light because of heating effect of electricity. The filament of bulb is generally made of tungsten metal; having melting point equal to 3380°C.

Electric iron: The element of electric iron is made of alloys having high melting point. Electric heater and geyser work on the same mechanism.

Electric fuse: Electric fuse is used to protect the electric appliances from high voltage; if any. Electric fuse is made of metal or alloy of metals, such as aluminium, copper, iron, lead, etc. In the case of flow of higher voltage than specified, fuse wire melts and protects the electric appliances.

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Answer 2

Heating effect of electric current is defined below -

• As the current flows through conducting body, it faces hindrance in the form of resistance. To overcome this resistance, work is done which is released in the form of heat. Thus, the heat released during flow of current is heating effect of current.
• This heating effect can be utilised in daily life in the form of

1. electric heater (to produce heat in cold environment)
2. heating rod (to heat liquids)
3. electric fuse (to prevent fire by melting the wire)
4. electric kettle (to heat objects).