What is heredity? explain
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HEREDITY:
★The rules of heredity determine the process by which the traits and the characteristics are relatively inherited.
" The inheritance of characteristics from one generation to another generation is called heredity. "
★The inheritance characteristics (traits) may be morphological / anatomical/ physiological/ reproductive.
★If we take a very close look at the rules of inheritance , both father and mother contribute an equal amount of genetic material to the child. This means that each trait can be influenced by both paternal and maternal genetic material - i.e. DNA.
★ "Gregor Johann Mendal ( 1822 - 1884) conducted the first ever scientific experimental study on heredity.
★ Mendal, an Austrian Augustinian Monk, observed variations in the characteristics of garden pea plant (Pisum Sativum ) which , he had cultivated in his monastery garden. Mendal was curious to find out the results of crossing of pea plants with variation in traits.
★The first experiment of Mendal considering the inheritance of a single trait (Height of the plant - Tall/Dwarf) is called Monohybrid cross.
★Phenotype : Expression of morphological characters as tall or dwarf plant, violet or white flower is called phenotype.
★Genotype: The expression of gene ( or genetic make up ) of an individual for a particular trait is called Genotype.
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★The rules of heredity determine the process by which the traits and the characteristics are relatively inherited.
" The inheritance of characteristics from one generation to another generation is called heredity. "
★The inheritance characteristics (traits) may be morphological / anatomical/ physiological/ reproductive.
★If we take a very close look at the rules of inheritance , both father and mother contribute an equal amount of genetic material to the child. This means that each trait can be influenced by both paternal and maternal genetic material - i.e. DNA.
★ "Gregor Johann Mendal ( 1822 - 1884) conducted the first ever scientific experimental study on heredity.
★ Mendal, an Austrian Augustinian Monk, observed variations in the characteristics of garden pea plant (Pisum Sativum ) which , he had cultivated in his monastery garden. Mendal was curious to find out the results of crossing of pea plants with variation in traits.
★The first experiment of Mendal considering the inheritance of a single trait (Height of the plant - Tall/Dwarf) is called Monohybrid cross.
★Phenotype : Expression of morphological characters as tall or dwarf plant, violet or white flower is called phenotype.
★Genotype: The expression of gene ( or genetic make up ) of an individual for a particular trait is called Genotype.
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Heredity is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction; the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents. .
Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits. He recognized the mathematical patterns of inheritance from one generation to the next. Mendel's Laws of Heredity are usually stated as:
1) The Law of Segregation: Each inherited trait is defined by a gene pair. Parental genes are randomly separated to the sex cells so that sex cells contain only one gene of the pair. Offspring therefore inherit one genetic allele from each parent when sex cells unite in fertilization.
2) The Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for different traits are sorted separately from one another so that the inheritance of one trait is not dependent on the inheritance of another.
3) The Law of Dominance: An organism with alternate forms of a gene will express the form that is dominant.
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Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits. He recognized the mathematical patterns of inheritance from one generation to the next. Mendel's Laws of Heredity are usually stated as:
1) The Law of Segregation: Each inherited trait is defined by a gene pair. Parental genes are randomly separated to the sex cells so that sex cells contain only one gene of the pair. Offspring therefore inherit one genetic allele from each parent when sex cells unite in fertilization.
2) The Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for different traits are sorted separately from one another so that the inheritance of one trait is not dependent on the inheritance of another.
3) The Law of Dominance: An organism with alternate forms of a gene will express the form that is dominant.
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If they ask for a 3 mark qn it's appreciable to write the laws of inheritance and in the yr 2014 they asked these laws...
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