Question

what is homology between fore limb of frog,fore limb of lizards and wing of birds?What does it indicate?State 1 function each of forelimbs of (i)human beings (ii)birds.

Answer 1

In biology, homology is the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different taxa. A common example of homologous structures is the forelimbs of vertebrates, where the wings of bats, the arms of primates, the front flippers of whales and the forelegs of dogs and horses are all derived from the same ancestral tetrapod structure. Evolutionary biology explains homologous structures adapted to different purposes as the result of descent with modification from a common ancestor. Homology was explained by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution in 1859, but had been observed before this, from Aristotle onwards, and it was explicitly analysed by Pierre Belon in 1555. The term was applied to biology by the anatomist Richard Owen in 1843.

Answer 2

The description about homologous organs is as follows:

Explanation:

• The homologous organs are organs which have similar structure form but different physiological functions in living organisms. The homologous structures describes common ancestry in living beings.
• The bones formation in forelimbs of frogs, wings of birds and limbs of frogs are found to be similar, but in all these organisms the bones are involved in performing different functions. Thus this can be said that these organisms have homologous structures. This indicates that they belong to common ancestor.
• The forelimbs of humans help them to grasp things, writing, and eating food. The forelimbs of birds help them to fly.

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